To understand this tradeoff more fully, let's revisit some key lessons from past blogs on the subject of gear trains. As we have discussed previously, the ratio between two gears in a simple gear train is determined by the ratio of their gear teeth, N. Specifically, the ratio, R, is given by R = N1/N2, where N1 and N2 are the numbers of teeth on the first and second gears, respectively.
When a gear train is attached to an electric motor's shaft, this means that the torque output of the motor will be multiplied by the gear ratio. So, if we have a gear train with a ratio of 2:1, for example, the torque output of the motor will be doubled. However, this increased torque comes at the cost of speed. Specifically, the speed output of the motor will be divided by the gear ratio. So, if the motor was spinning at 1,000 RPM before the gear train was attached, it will now be spinning at 500 RPM with a 2:1 gear ratio.
This tradeoff between torque and speed is something that must be carefully considered when designing and using gear trains. In certain applications, such as heavy machinery, the increased torque provided by a gear train may be more important than maintaining a high speed. However, in other applications, such as electric vehicles or robotics, a reduction in speed may not be desirable. It is up to the engineer to weigh the pros and cons of using a gear train and determine whether it is the right solution for their particular situation.
When selecting gears for a gear train, it is important to consider not only the number of teeth, but also other factors such as pitch, diameter, and material. The type of material chosen for the gears will affect their durability and resistance to wear and tear. Pitch and diameter are important factors that can affect the speed and torque output of the gear train. For example, a smaller diameter gear will typically provide a higher speed output, while a larger diameter gear will provide a higher torque output.
In summary, while gear trains can be an effective way to increase torque output in electric motors, they also come with a tradeoff in the form of reduced speed. When designing and selecting gears for a gear train, engineers must carefully consider these tradeoffs and choose the optimal solution for their particular application. Factors such as gear ratio, gear material, pitch, and diameter should all be taken into account in order to achieve the desired level of torque and speed output.